By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. In this policy Philip II reached about 1.4 million ducats per year by the 1590s.The Italians paid about 400,000 ducats to the cost of the Battle of Lepanto,while Castilla paid 800,000 ducats. Philip II of Spain, a part of the Habsburg dynasty, was born on May 21, 1527, and died on September 13, 1598. 1 decade ago. What nations were there conflicts with? Alexander moulded the greatest Greek empire in history. Some people called called him the enemy of prostant. Alternative Title: Philip I Philip II, (born May 21, 1527, Valladolid, Spain—died September 13, 1598, El Escorial), king of the Spaniards (1556–98) and king of the Portuguese (as Philip I, 1580–98), champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). An affectionate father to his daughters, he lived an austere and dedicated life. Accomplishments; Legacy; Sources; 1) For an absolute monarch, Philip II has historically retained an excellent reputation among the Spanish people themselves. What were Philip II of Spain's accomplishments? The greatest accomplishment of Philip II of Spain was to invade and occupy England. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Those two were the Dutch Rebellion and the Spanish Armada.War with France was constant when he was on the throne. Biography: Philip II of Spain was King of Castile as Philip II and King of Naples, Aragon, Sicily, and Portugal as Philip I. Charles V surrendered to Philip and (the Netherlands and Belgium), the crowns of Castille, Aragon, and Sicily. Phillip II expanded Spain territory after he ended a battle. Despite being married four times and siring eight children, Philip II was plagued with concern for the succession. The Spanish empire under Philip prospered: it attained its greatest power, extent, and influence. Born on May 21, 1527 Philip II of Spain was the only son of Charles V, who was the King of Spain and the Holy Roman Emperor. Alonso Sánchez Coello: Isabella of Valois, Queen of Spain, painting, ca 1560. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. He was tutored by Juan Martínez Siliceo – the future Archbishop of Toledo. Created by. Alonso Sánchez Coello: King Philip II of Spain, portrait painting, 1566 . Charles was the only child born to Philip IV. In 1543 he married Mary of Portugal but she died in 1546 giving birth to their son, Don Carlos. Philip II of Spain, philiptheii.weebly.com/accomplishments-and-failures.html. Philip II biography. In this time, he was also King of Portugal, King of Naples, and Sicily, Duke of Milan, and Lord of the Netherlands. From 1548 until 1551, Philip traveled in Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands, but his great reserve and his inability to speak fluently any language except Castilian made him unpopular with the German and Flemish nobility. He exterminated Protestants from Spain altogether. The son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and his wife, Isabella of Portugal, Philip was born in the Spanish capital of Valladolid on 21 May 1527 at Palacio de Pimentel owned by Don Bernardino Pimentel (the first Marqués de Távara). Portugal had many strongholds; for example, Africa, India, and the East Indies. The first was with his cousin Maria of Portugal in 1543. In practice, Philip often found his authority overruled by local assemblies and his word less effective than that of local lords. It was under his reign that Spain reached the height of its influence and power, and also of its artistic, literary, and musical excellence. Grand Master of the Order of Santiago: 16 January 1556 – 13 September 1598. Favorite Answer. Philip IV (Spanish: Felipe, Portuguese: Filipe; 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665) was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. He served as king of the Spaniards from 1556 to 1598 and as king of the Portuguese (as Philip I) from 1580 to 1598. Philip II was the king of Macedonia and Olympia’s was the princess of Epirus (Stewart, 1993, p18). Short Biography. After a visit to Portugal (1619), he suffered the first attack of an illness that two years later brought about his death. Absolute Monarchy. Philip was painstaking and conscientious in his cravings for ever more information, hiding an inability to distinguish between the important and the trivial and a temperamental unwillingness to make decisions. (See the biography section to … Philip II (of Spain) (1527-98), Habsburg king of Spain (1556-98), who ruled the country at the height of its power and influence and used that power in the service of the Roman Catholic church and the Counter Reformation. Philip, a very dutiful son, took this advice to heart. He also grappled with the problem of the large Morisco population in Spain, who were forcibly converted to Christianity by his predecessors. Philip’s Reign . Philip II had a policy for taxes that was very troublesome to the people of Spain, neighboring countries and kingdoms. Philip II was born on May 21, 1527, in Valladolid, Spain. Relevance. In the end, the king declared the Spanish state bankrupt a total of three times. Filed Under: Major Accomplishments Tagged With: List of Contributions and Achievments, © 2021 HealthResearchFunding.org - Privacy Policy, 14 Hysterectomy for Fibroids Pros and Cons, 12 Pros and Cons of the Da Vinci Robotic Surgery, 14 Pros and Cons of the Cataract Surgery Multifocal Lens, 11 Pros and Cons of Monovision Cataract Surgery. There were several attempts by Protestant to overthrow Mary. Philip displayed reasonable aptitude in arms and letters alike. Philip was the son of Charles V and Isabella of Portugal. He became the head of an empire that was expanded by his son and successor, Alexander the Great. From 1554 he was King of Naples and Sicily as well as Duke of Milan.During his marriage to Queen Mary I (1554–58), he was also King of England and Ireland. 1581 Philip II, King of Spain, becomes King of Portugal 1584 The El Escorial palace was completed near Madrid 1587 King Philip II obtains backing from Pope Sixtus V for his plans to invade England. “I would rather lose all my lands and a hundred lives than be king over heretics.” ―Philip II of Spain Alonso Sánchez Coello: King Philip II of Spain, portrait painting, 1566 . He was also a strong defender of the Catholic Faith. The Spanish Empire was not a single monarchy with one legal system but a federation of separate realms, each jealously guarding its own rights against those of the House of Habsburg. Despite all of Alexander’s great accomplishments, Alexander still lived in his father’s shadow. Philip III (Spanish: Felipe; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. 1 Answer. 2 Answers. Being the thorough Christian he was, Philip was determined to get everyone to convert to his religion or leave his land. Philip II, as head of the government of Spain, believed in the divine right of monarchs and used this to justify a number of immoral and illegal acts, such as ordering murders. Philip II of Spain: Philip II was King of Spain from 1556-1598. The first major accomplishment of his reign was the signing of a treaty with Henry II of France, called the Truce of Vaucelles it signaled a new period of peace between France and Spain. King Philip II (Spanish: Felipe II) of Spain, also known as Philip the Prudent or Philip II of the House of Habsburg, was unarguably the most important ruler in Spanish history. As a devout Catholic Philip prevented Protestantism from taking hold in Spain, Portugal, and the colonies in the New World. Grand Master of the Order of Montesa: 8 December 1587 – 13 September 1598. He desired to return England to being a Catholic country, although he was ultimately unsuccessful in this venture. This website displays many pieces of information on Phillip II of Spain. He conquered colonies that now is the Southern U.S. During his … Philip was the son of the Holy Roman emperor Charles V and Isabella of Portugal. Its successes, however, were also great. Yet the “black legend” that in Protestant countries represented Philip II as a monster of bigotry, ambition, lust, and cruelty is certainly false. France lost the Battle of St. Quentin against Spain and England. Relevance. This accomplishement made him extremely wealthy. Accomplishments/Legacy. In Madrid, or in the gloomy magnificence of his monastic palace of El Escorial, which he built (1563–84) on the slopes of the Sierra de Guadarrama, the king worked alone in his small office, giving his decisions or, as often, deferring them. From time to time, the emperor wrote Philip secret memoranda, impressing on him the high duties to which God had called him and warning him against trusting any of his advisers too much. Charles gradually increased Philip’s responsibilities as he aged. The failures of Philip’s government were great: it failed to suppress the revolt of the Netherlands (beginning in 1566), and it sacrificed the “Invincible Armada” to the English in 1588. son and heir of charles v. philip II. Philip II, (born May 21, 1527, Valladolid, Spain—died September 13, 1598, El Escorial), king of the Spaniards (1556–98) and king of the Portuguese (as Philip I, 1580–98), champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation. Philip was the son of Charles V—the reigning Holy Roman emperor—and Isabella of Portugal. While Phillip II would certainly achieve power on his own, there is no question that he was born into a significant amount of power to begin with. The invasion is proclaimed a Catholic crusade A Bible (1569)—written in Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Latin—that was subsidized by Philip II of Spain. From 1543 Charles conferred on his son the regency of Spain whenever he himself was abroad. With Spain's wealth increasing as a result of its dominions in the Americas, Philip developed a more expansionist foreign policy. Philip’s third marriage, with Elizabeth of Valois, daughter of Henry II of France, in 1559, was the result of the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis (1559), which, for a generation, ended the open wars between Spain and France. In many cases, a son must wait for the father to pass, before he can take the throne. Upon Philip’s death in 1598, his second son ascended the throne as Philip III. Philip was the son of Philip II of Spain by his fourth consort, his Habsburg cousin Anna of Austria. Accomplishments; Legacy; 1) For an absolute monarch, Philip II has historically retained an excellent reputation among the Spanish people themselves. Omissions? “You may assure His Holiness,” Philip wrote to his ambassador in Rome, in 1566, “that rather than suffer the least damage to religion and the service of God, I would lose all my states and an hundred lives, if I had them; for I do not propose nor desire to be the ruler of heretics.” This remark may be regarded as the motto of his reign. King Philip II reigned over Spain from 1554-1598 and this coincided with the peak of Spanish greatness. PLAY. he insisted on strict conformity to catholicism and on strong monarchial authority. They called him that because he was a Catholic.When he finally became king Spain was dealing with a huge debt.He was well known for two conflicts. He established the first trade route between America and Asia across the Pacific ocean. Welcome! Philip II of Spain Philip II of Spain was born in Valladolid, Spain, May 21, 1527. The sack of Antwerp (November 4, 1576) by Spanish troops during the Eighty Years' War. Mary Tudor became Queen of England in 1553. King Philip II of Spain, also known as Philip the Prudent, ruled one of the world's largest empires. this truce ended the conflict of Hapsburg-Valios. His second wife, Mary I of England, bore him no children. By sheer hard work Philip tried to overcome the defects of this system. He was also, as Philip II, King of Portugal, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia and Duke of Milan from 1598 until his death in 1621. There is no question that even from an early age, he was destined for greatness. Philip II of Spain assumed the Portuguese throne in September 1580 and was crowned Philip I of Portugal in 1581 ... Elizabeth and William would lose their cold-blooded, fanatical enemy, thus decreasing their own patriotic accomplishments. 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